Low-dose IL-34 has no effect on osteoclastogenesis but promotes osteogenesis of hBMSCs partly via activation of the PI3K/AKT and ERK signaling pathways

Abstract Background Inflammatory microenvironment is significant to the differentiation and function of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). It evidentially influences osteoblastogenesis MSCs. IL-34, a newly discovered cytokine, playing key role in metabolism. However, research on its functional osteogenesis MSCs was rarely reported. Here, we described regulatory effects low-dose IL-34 both osteoclastogenesis. Methods We performed osteogenic hBMSCs by exogenous overexpressed vitro, so were osteoclastogenesis mBMMs extracellular IL-34. CCK-8 used assess effect viability mBMMs. ALP, ARS, TRAP staining evaluate ALP activity, mineral deposition, osteoclastogenesis, respectively. qRT-PCR Western blotting analysis detect expression target genes proteins. ELISA concentrations In vivo, rat tibial osteotomy model an OVX established. Radiographic histological evaluation confirm therapeutic fracture healing osteoporosis. Statistical differences evaluated two-tailed Student’s t test, one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s post hoc two-way Bonferroni multiple comparisons test comparison 2 groups, more than different time points treated Results Promoted observed after or confirmed increased deposits activity. Furthermore, enhanced p-AKT p-ERK. The specific AKT ERK signaling pathway inhibitors suppressed enhancement induced model, imaging analyses testified local injection improved bone healing. additional has no influence vitro osteoporosis vivo. Conclusions Collectively, our study demonstrate that regulates partly via PIK/AKT enhances healing, neither promoting nor preventing